The Project Method As One Of The Effective Means Of Developing Students' Critical Thinking In The Process Of Learning History

Abstract

The issue of using the project method as one of the technologies for the development of critical thinking in the teaching of history in higher educational institutions was studied. The concept of "critical thinking", its main elements and features are considered. The importance of critical thinking as a guarantee of personal success in the profession, the need to develop it throughout life is emphasized. It was noted that the development of the information society, the democratization of society, and the need to improve our education system. One way to improve is to use different methods to develop critical thinking. Among them, the project method can be distinguished. It is a synthesis of research and problem-based methods based on students' independence and creative activity, effective and multifunctional pedagogical technology.

The article examines the characteristics of projects, their types according to various criteria, as well as the stages of implementation. The use of the project method in the process of studying history increases students' enthusiasm for new knowledge, expands their worldview, increases their awareness of historical, political science, legal issues, develops independence and responsibility, as well as a number of useful skills: a large amount of the ability to process data, analyze, compare, draw conclusions, form one's own point of view, argue for it.

Students learn to collaborate effectively, create an environment of understanding and mutual support, discover and improve their abilities. The article emphasizes the new roles of the teacher in the use of technologies for the development of critical thinking. The authors emphasize the need to include such pedagogical technologies in the educational process.